
The Tactile and Force Sensor Registry: 24 Ways to Give a Robot Touch
A cleaned, sourced registry of the tactile and force/torque sensors robots use, from open-source GelSight and ReSkin to industrial ATI and Bota. One normalized schema, and a split that tells you where the field is going.
Touch is the sense a robot needs most for contact-rich work and the one hardest to shop for. The sensors are scattered across vendor datasheets, arXiv papers, and lab pages, described in incompatible terms: some report camera pixels, some report taxels, some report six axes of force. We refined twenty-four of them into one schema, so you can finally compare a vision-based GelSight to a magnetic ReSkin to an industrial ATI force/torque cell on the same row. The machine-readable version is at blomegalab.com/data/tactile-force-sensors.json.
Two speeds: an open tactile frontier over a closed force base
The clearest pattern in the data is a split. Every open-source sensor in the registry is a research tactile sensor, GelSight's DIGIT, MIT's GelSlim, Bristol's TacTip, Meta and CMU's ReSkin, NYU's AnySkin and eFlesh, the low-cost 9DTact. Every industrial force/torque sensor, ATI, Robotiq, Bota, OnRobot, and every commercial tactile array, is proprietary and usually quote-only. The frontier of touch is being built in the open by labs; the reliable, calibrated force base is a closed industrial market. A robot builder lives across both.
The registry
Twenty-four sensors, each normalized to the same fields: maker, sensing type, what it senses, resolution, sample rate, output, whether it is open-source, price when public, and year. The full queryable version is the JSON linked below.
- GelSight Mini, GelSight Inc. · vision-based · $499 · 25 Hz · closed
- DIGIT, Meta AI + GelSight · vision-based · ~$15 BOM · open
- DIGIT 360, Meta AI + GelSight · vision-based multimodal · ~8.3M taxels · open · 2024
- GelSlim 3.0, MIT · vision-based · 3D shape + force + slip · open
- TacTip, Bristol Robotics Lab · vision-based (pin) · 3D-printable · open
- 9DTact, vision-based · 3D shape + 6D force · low-cost · open · 2023
- ReSkin, Meta AI + CMU · magnetic · <$6/unit · 400 Hz · open · 2021
- AnySkin, NYU · magnetic · replaceable · open · 2024
- eFlesh, NYU · magnetic · normal+shear force + slip · open · 2025
- ATI Nano17, ATI/Novanta · 6-axis force/torque · up to 7 kHz · quote · closed
- Robotiq FT 300-S, Robotiq · 6-axis F/T · ±300 N/±30 Nm · 100 Hz · ~$5-8k · closed
- Bota Rokubi, Bota Systems · 6-axis F/T + IMU · 1 kHz · quote · closed
- OnRobot HEX-E QC, OnRobot (ex-OptoForce) · 6-axis F/T · ~$5-6k · closed
- SynTouch BioTac SP, SynTouch · multimodal fingertip · force/pressure/temp · closed
- XELA uSkin uSPa 44, XELA Robotics · magnetic · 3-axis per taxel · closed
- Contactile PapillArray, Contactile · optical · 3D force + slip · 1 kHz · closed
- Tekscan I-Scan, Tekscan · piezoresistive array · up to ~1936 sensels · closed
- PaXini PX-6AX GEN3, PaXini · magnetic · up to 15 sensing dims · CES 2026 · closed
How to read it
The registry spans four sensing principles: vision-based tactile sensors that watch an elastomer deform through a camera (GelSight, DIGIT, GelSlim, TacTip, 9DTact); magnetic skins that read a magnetometer under a magnetized elastomer (ReSkin, AnySkin, eFlesh, uSkin, PaXini); optical pillar arrays (Contactile); and strain-gauge or capacitive force/torque cells (ATI, Robotiq, Bota, OnRobot). The honest gaps: sample rate is missing or controller-dependent for a quarter of rows, and most industrial prices are quote-only, so both are flagged rather than guessed. Sparsh, Meta's tactile foundation model, is deliberately excluded because it is a model that runs on these sensors, not a sensor itself.
Why Blomega maps this
This is the hardware side of the force gap. The dataset registry showed that almost no training data carries force; this registry shows the instruments that produce it, and that they are either research prototypes or expensive industrial cells, not something wired into a wearable capturing real human work. That space, force sensing on the hand, during real tasks, at data-collection scale, is where Blomega's GX-1 sits. Mapping the sensor landscape is how you see the shape of the hole.
Query it and read more
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